Enziwa Njani Amagubu eBrake?

Iimathiriyeli, inkqubo, kunye nemiboniso yonke inegalelo kwindlela enziwa ngayo amagubu eziqhoboshi.Nangona kunjalo, ezi ndlela zobuchule aziyijongi ingxaki yokwahluka kobukhulu obujikeleze isangqa segubu, ingxaki ebangela ukunxitywa okungaqhelekanga kunye nengxolo.Abavelisi belori bamisele ubuninzi bokutshintshatshintsha kobukhulu kunye nomda wobunzima bomagubu.Abavelisi bakwafumana iindleko ezilahliweyo xa amagubu engahambelani nale migaqo.Ukuphepha ezi ndleko, umenzi kufuneka agxininise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iigubhu zihambelana kwaye ziphezulu.

Imiboniso

Iidramu zeBrake ziibhokisi zetsimbi ezibonelela ngethoni engafakwanga.Ngokufana ne-anvil, ingaba nzima okanye ilula, kuxhomekeke kumenzi.Amagubu eziqhoboshi axhonywa kwintambo yenayiloni, axhonywa kwiqonga lentsimbi, aze abethwe ngeentsimbi ezahlukeneyo.Nantsi ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo inkqubo yokuvelisa.Umlawuli osekelwe kwikhompyutha u-87 ufumana iimpawu ezibonisa indawo eziphuma kwi-sensor 78 kwaye ulawula indawo ye-pneumatic drive mechanism 88. Ukunyuswa kunye nokunciphisa intshukumo ye-elevator 74 kunye neqonga lama-76 zilawulwa ngumatshini we-94. Iqonga le-76 kunye ne-ring 28 zezo. ibanjwe endaweni nge-tooling 82, ephethe iseti yeetotshi ze-welding 96.

Umgqomo we-brake oqhelekileyo wenziwa ngokwenza ibhatyi yendandatho kunye ne-annular band ye-sheet sheet.Emva koko, intsimbi engwevu enyibilikisiweyo iphoswa ngokuphakathi kwibhanti kwaye ibotshelelwe ngentsimbi kwiringi.Iringi ke iye yalungiswa ngaphandle kwaye yomatshini wokubonelela ngomphezulu ongaphakathi wecylindrical owaziwa ngokuba yibhore erhabaxa.Umphezulu wangaphakathi we-drum flange 24 ke umatshini, kwaye yonke indibano idluliselwe kwisikhululo esilandelayo se-weld epheleleyo.

Omnye weyona miba ibalulekileyo yokwenziwa kwamagubu eziqhoboshi kukuqina kwawo.Ngokungafaniyo neziqhoboshi zediski, ziyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu obubonakalayo, kwaye zisebenza ngakumbi kwaye zisebenza kakuhle xa ziqhoboshwa.Iziqhoboshi zediskhi zineempawu ezifanayo, kodwa zibiza kakhulu kwaye zifuna ukulungiswa okungaphezulu.Nangona kunjalo, iziqhoboshi zediskhi zibonelela ngeenzuzo malunga nobunjineli kunye neendleko, kwaye zivumela ukuhlanganiswa okulula kwesiqhoboshi sokupaka.Nangona kunjalo, ubunzima bungumba we-drum brakes.

Inkqubo

Inkqubo yokuvelisa iidramu zokuqhawula iquka ukwenza umsesane wegubu kwimpahla yentsimbi.Iringi ibandakanya iqokobhe lentsimbi elicinezelweyo elineeflange zeradial H kumphetho omnye kunye nemingxuma evulekileyo.Igubu ke litshintshwe ngokwemilinganiselo efunekayo, kubandakanywa nokuvuleka kokufakwa.La manyathelo enziwa kwizikhululo zokuvelisa ezahlukeneyo.Oku kuphucula inkqubo yokuvelisa iyonke.Nje ukuba iringi yegubu yenziwe ngoomatshini, igubu lidityaniswa kusetyenziswa i-axis enyukayo.

Emva kokulungiswa kwendandatho kunye neflange, umva we-16 ubekwe kwindandatho yegubu.Emva koko ibekwe ngendlela yokuba i-axis ephakathi yeendawo zokuvula i-coaxial kunye ne-harmonic yokuqala ye-radial runout.Emva kokubekwa endaweni, igubu elingasemva liyadityaniswa lidityaniswe kwiringi yegubu.Inkqubo yokuvelisa iidramu ze-brake iphinda iphindwe de kube ububanzi obufunwayo bufezekiswe.

Umbhobho we-brake sprue kufuneka ubuncinci ube yi-40 mm ukusuka kwigubu lebhuleki.Kwiifektri ezincinci, lo mgama uyancipha ukunciphisa i-porosity.Isanti yokubumba kufuneka ibe yi-60-80 mm ubuncinane ukusuka kwi-sprue.Iifektri ezincinci zihlala zibetha isanti xa iyonke.Emva koko, bafaka intonga yensimbi yokuqinisa isikhunta.Le ndlela ilungele ukunciphisa i-porosity kunye nokuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuhambelana.

Igubu eliqhelekileyo leziqhoboshi lenziwa ngendlela eqhelekileyo.Kwimeko yemigqomo yeziqhoboshi zelori, lowo uthunyelweyo wenza ibhatyi njengebhanti yentsimbi.Emva koko, intsimbi engwevu iphoswa embindini kweli bhanti ukwenza iringi edityanisiweyo yesinyithi.Emva koko, i-ring ilungiswe ngaphandle kwaye i-cylindrical surface yenziwe ngomatshini kwindawo ejonge ngaphakathi.

Izivamvo

Iibhuleki ze-Electromechanical drum zinamandla aphezulu kwi-electromobility kunye nokuqhuba ngokuzenzekelayo.Ezi ziqhoboshi zilawulwa ngumlawuli, kodwa ukwahluka kwi-actuator ye-electromechanical actuator kunokubangela ukuhluka kwi-torque ye-brake kunye ne-drum friction coefficient.Izinzwa ezidityanisiweyo ze-brake torque yindlela enye yokuthintela ukuhluka okunjalo.Nangona kunjalo, i-sensor ye-brake torque edibeneyo ayikaveliswa kwimveliso yochungechunge.Eli phepha liphonononga ukuba nokwenzeka kwenzwa edibeneyo ye-brake torque.Kungakhathaliseki ukuyila kwenkqubo entsha ye-brake, inzwa edibeneyo inokudlala indima ebalulekileyo.

Ngaphandle kokusebenziseka kwezinzwa ze-brake, ayisiyiyo eyona nto inomdla kwimoto yakho.Ezi zisebenza kuphela, nangona kunjalo, kwaye ziyilelwe ukwandisa ukhuseleko.Ukuze ukhangele iibhuleki ngesandla, kufuneka ususe amavili nganye nganye kwaye ukhangele iipakethi zokuqhawula enye ngexesha.Indlela yesiNtu nayo iyadika kwaye ayincedi.Ngaphezu koko, ayizizo zonke iimoto eziza zixhotyiswe nge-sensor ze-brake.Kodwa ukuba unemoto eyenzayo, unokuthatha ithuba leenzwa zebrake kwaye uzihlole ngokwakho.

Iinkqubo zenzwa ezisisiseko zokugqoka zihlala zine-sensor enye okanye ngaphezulu efakwe kwikona nganye ye-rotor ye-brake.Ezi zivamvo zifakwe kumaleko angaphakathi webrake pad.Inani labenzi boluvo linokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimodeli yemoto yakho.Ezinye iisistim zebrake zisebenzisa i-sensor enye ngelixa ezinye zinezoluvo ezine.Kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni lwenzwa, uninzi lwazo lusebenza ngeesekethe ezimbini ezihambelanayo ezibandakanyekayo.Isekethe yokuqala inxibelelana nobuso berotha yebhuleki, 'ikhonkxa' ifault matrix.Ukuba le sekethi iyaphuka, isiphaluka sesibini siyatshitshiswa kwaye ukukhanya kwedeshibhodi kuqhutywe.

Xa utshintsha igubu lebrake, qiniseka ukuba ujonga abenzi boluvo ngokunjalo.Zisenokonakala ngenxa yobushushu kunye nokukhuhlana.Ngaphandle koko, ayingombono olungileyo ukuphinda usebenzise izinzwa zebrake ezindala ngeepakethi ezintsha.Oku akuyi kusebenza kakuhle.Njengomgaqo oqhelekileyo, izinzwa ze-drum ze-brake zisebenza kuphela xa zitshintshwa xa i-brake pad ifuna ukutshintshwa.Kwimeko embi kakhulu, ukutshintshwa kwephedi yebhuleki yeyona ndlela ilungileyo.

Izinto eziphathekayo

Iintsimbi ezidla ngokusetyenziswa ukwenza imigqomo yeziqhoboshi ziquka intsimbi, intsimbi, ialuminiyam kunye neeseramikhi.Nangona i-asbestos yayiyeyona nto ikhethiweyo yokuqala kweli candelo, yayidityaniswe neengozi zempilo kwaye ayizange isetyenziswe kwakhona.Kule mihla, imigqomo yebrake yenziwa ngezinto ezidityanisiweyo, eziqulathe izinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana neceramic, iselulosi, iglasi enqunqiweyo, kunye nerabha.Ezi zixhobo zikwagcina iimpawu zokukhuhlana.La malungu eziqhoboshi abalulekile kukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza, kwaye ahlala ephantsi kobushushu obuphezulu.

Iintsimbi ezisetyenziswa kwimigqomo yeziqhoboshi zisenokuba zezendalo okanye ezingaphiliyo.Imigqomo ye-Organic yenziwe ngeglasi, i-carbon, i-Kevlar, kunye nerabha, kwaye ilula ngakumbi kunemigqomo ye-inorganic.Ezinye iinkampani zinokusebenzisa indibaniselwano yemathiriyeli.Ezinye zezi zixhobo zidweliswe ngezantsi.Ezi zixhobo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuba zikhaphukhaphu kwaye zinokuphoswa ngokulula.Bakwanayo nozinzo olulungileyo lwe-dimensional.

Imigqomo yebrake eyenziwe ngokwesiqhelo ibandakanya i-backplate enobuninzi bokuvuleka.Ezi zivulo zisuswe kwi-axis esembindini yegubu.Idiskhi yokunyuswa idityaniswe kwipleyiti yangasemva enemingxuma yokunyusela igubu.I-backplate iquka ubuninzi beembambo eziqinisa ngaphandle ezijoliswe ngaphandle.Igubu ngasemva liyadityaniswa lidityaniswe kwiringi yegubu.

I-backplate yedrum ye-brake ifunxa i-torque eyenziwe ngesenzo sokunyathela.Kuba yonke imisebenzi yokuqhobosha ibeka uxinzelelo kule ndawo, kufuneka yomelele kwaye ingagugi.Umgqomo ngokwawo wenziwa kuhlobo olukhethekileyo lwentsimbi yentsimbi ehambisa ukushisa kunye nokumelana nokugqoka.Imigqomo yeBrake kufuneka yomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuze imelane nomthwalo wetorque owenziweyo xa isihlangu sebrake sibetha umphezulu onxitywayo.Ukongeza, kufuneka kwakhona babe ne-robust bolt attachments kwi-hub.Imfuneko kaMcManus ifuna ukuba igubu lebrake likwazi ukumelana nokudinwa kwaye libe namandla aneleyo kubomi balo.

Indawo yokwenziwa

Ukwenziwa kwangoku kunxulumene nendlela yokwenza amagubu eebrake, ngakumbi amagubu okuqhobosha angqamene nelori.Igubu lebrake lakhiwe ngejacket ye-annular sheet-steel yedrum kunye nomqolo osembindini oneengcango ezixhomayo ezibekwe ukuvelisa iqanda lokuqala eliphumayo.Iringi yegubu lesiqhoboshi iye yatshintshwa yaya kutsho kubukhulu obufanayo ngenkqubo yentsimbi esentirifugal.

Emva kokugqiba ukwakhiwa, iidramu zokuqhawula zifakwe kumatshini wokulinganisa.Ukuze kuphunyezwe ubunzima obufanelekileyo-ibhalansi ejikeleze i-axis yokujikeleza, i-weights enye okanye ngaphezulu inokugxunyekwa kwi-periphery ye-drum.Emva kokuba amagubu elungelelanisiwe, abekwa phezu kweqonga aze abethelwe ngeentsimbi ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuze avelise isandi esifunwayo.

Imigqomo inamalungu amathandathu ahlukeneyo: isixhobo sokulungelelanisa, izihlangu zeziqhoboshi, kunye nesixhobo sokuqhobosha ngexesha likaxakeka.Ilungu ngalinye kufuneka lihlale likufutshane negubu ukuze lisebenze kakuhle.Ukuba izihlangu zihlulwe kude kakhulu kwi-drum, i-pedal ye-brake iya kutshona kwi-mat yomgangatho, ifuna umgudu ongakumbi wokumisa imoto.Ukunqanda oku, i-pedal ye-brake kufuneka ityhilwe phantsi.Ngethuba le nkqubo, izicathulo kufuneka zihlale zisondele kwi-drum ukuze kwandiswe amandla e-braking.

Amagubu eziqhoboshi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesixokelelwano seziqhoboshi zemoto.Banciphisa isantya sesithuthi ngokunqanda ingozi.Ukongezelela, iidramu eziqhekezayo zinceda ukukhusela amavili ekugqithiseni, kwaye izicathulo ziya kuqhubeka zinxiba ukuba izicathulo ze-brake azilungiswanga.Ngokungafaniyo neebrake pads, imigqomo yebrake ayifunxi manzi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sesichengeni sokudleka nokuguga.Yiyo loo nto, amagubu eziqhoboshi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yayo nayiphi na imoto.

I-Santa brake yi-brake disc kunye ne-pads factory e-China eneminyaka engaphezu kwe-15 yamava okuvelisa.I-Santa Brake igubungela idiskhi enkulu yebrake kunye neemveliso zeepads.Njengomenzi wediskhi yobuchwephesha bebrake kunye neepads, i-Santa brake inokubonelela ngeemveliso ezilunge kakhulu ngamaxabiso akhuphisanayo kakhulu.

Kule mihla, i-Santa brake ithumela ngaphandle kumazwe angaphezu kwama-20+ kwaye inabathengi abangaphezu kwama-50+ abonwabileyo kwihlabathi liphela.